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Articulatory and acoustic inter-speaker variability in the production of German vowels [Online resource]
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In: Papers from the linguistics laboratory / Melanie Weirich & Stefanie Jannedy (ed.), Zentrum für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft, Berlin, 2010; ZASPil Vol. 52, S. 19-42 52 (2010), 19-42
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Schwa out of Control?
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In: http://issp2008.loria.fr/Proceedings/PDF/issp2008-26.pdf
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Abstract:
This study is a follow-up of our previous work and investigates transitional schwas between consonant clusters as a consequence of a gestural separation due to a slow speech rate. These uncontrolled schwas are compared to similar sequences with lexically specified schwas. Articulatory and acoustic data of 6 German speakers were recorded. Preliminary results provide evidence that transitional schwas fall out as a byproduct of a time delay between adjacent gestures but additionally need a low tongue back position. 1 General theoretical background German, just as English, is characterized by the rhythmic alternation of strong and weak syllables. Weak or unstressed syllables contain short or reduced vowels like schwa which in some instances, can be the only difference between words that contain a lexically specified consonant cluster and those that do not. Examples in German are geleiten ‘to accompany’ that contrasts with gleiten ‘to slide ’ or beraten ‘to advise ’ that contrasts with braten ‘to fry’. In some instances, under the influence of a faster rate of speech for example, weakening of the unstressed syllable nucleus is observed which can eventually result in the neutralization between such pairs of words. Weakening of the unstressed syllable nucleus in German has been described and explained in terms of a phonological deletion rule (Kloeke, 1982). In recent years however, alternative explanations based on gestural reorganization have been proposed for such observations (Kohler, 1990; Browman & Goldstein, 1990). A gestural reorganization based approach assumes a gradual weakening of the unstressed syllable nucleus due to overlap of adjacent consonantal gestures. According to the Gestural Score Model (Browman & Goldstein, 1990), gestures are performed by individual articulatory subsystems. Depending on the rate of speech, the model makes two different kinds of predictions: in faster or more casual speech, articulatory gestures can overlap to a greater or lesser extend (Munhall & Löfqvist, 1992). In theory, the second prediction is that in a slower rate of speech, the gestures for adjacent consonants in a cluster can become separated during the transition.
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URL: http://issp2008.loria.fr/Proceedings/PDF/issp2008-26.pdf
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.502.9215
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